Test 1 - Reading - Passage 2

the top part of body, where brain and face are located

The cat gently nudged its head against my hand, seeking affection.

a man-made object, tool, weapon, etc. that was created in the past and holds historical or cultural significance

Artifacts of early tool-making like stone knives and projectile points show the ingenuity and resourcefulness of Paleolithic humans.

a stone monument built in ancient Egypt usually as a tomb for the pharaohs, which has a triangular or square base that slopes up to the top

Tourists flock to see the ancient pyramids in Egypt.

the state of being sure about something, usually when there is proof

Her certainty in her ability to complete the marathon came from months of dedicated training.

expressed with clarity and precision, leaving no doubt as to the meaning or intention

I needed a definite answer from my boss so I could plan my work for the coming month without uncertainty.

a broad, general summary that covers the main aspects or features of a subject

The report provided an overview of the company's financial performance for the year.

located on the outer surface of something

The building’s external walls were insulated to improve energy efficiency.

the act of burying a dead body or the ceremony in which a dead body is buried

The burial took place at sunset in the family cemetery.

to stay in the same state or condition

Despite the challenges, he remained optimistic.

a structure built in honor of a public figure or a special event

The towering monument was erected in honor of the soldiers who fought bravely in the war.

extremely large in physical dimensions

The enormous elephant towered over the other animals at the zoo.

magnificent in size and appearance

The grand waterfall cascaded down the mountainside, creating a breathtaking sight.

a gift, statement, or action given to someone as a sign of gratitude, admiration or respect

The ceremony was a tribute to the late professor.

a lineage of kings who rule a country or nation over a long period of time

The Ming Dynasty ruled China from 1368 to 1644.

to have control and authority over a place, like a country

The king reigned over the kingdom for decades, establishing a prosperous era.

an overground or underground grave that is large in size and is often made of stone

They placed flowers at the entrance of the tomb to honor their loved one.

a portion of written text, often of moderate length

referring to a person who has recently died

The deceased man's family members gathered to mourn his passing at the funeral.

holding a position of authority or responsibility within an organization or government

The official spokesperson for the company addressed the media regarding the incident.

to produce a plan, idea, etc. in one's mind

The architect conceived a visionary design for the futuristic building.

to arrange items on top of each other in large quantities

The warehouse worker stacked boxes of inventory neatly to maximize storage space.

a thick and flat piece of hard material, such as a stone, metal, wood, etc. that is usually in the shape of a square or rectangle

a person, often a student, who studies under instruction or is engaged in learning

The young scholar listened attentively to her teacher.

to think or say that something is caused by a certain thing

Scientists attribute climate change to human activity.

to have the responsibility of paying someone back a certain amount of money that was borrowed

I owe my friend $50 from last month when he covered my dinner expenses.

a number of objects placed one on top of the other

He stacked a pile of books on the table.

the general population

Propaganda was used to influence the masses.

toward the center or inside of something

The labyrinth's path wound inward, guiding participants toward the center.

to have a positive or favorable inclination or willingness towards a particular action, idea, or person

After reviewing the details, she inclined to support the new policy.

a building used for worshiping one or several gods, used by some religious communities, especially Buddhists and Hindus

They visited the ancient temple to offer prayers and seek blessings.

an area with no roof that is partially or completely surrounded by walls, often forming a part of a large building

The children played in the courtyard, enjoying the fresh air and sunshine.

a place or building for people to pray in, which is considered holy by many due to its connection with a sacred person, event, or object

Pilgrims from around the world visit the shrine to pay their respects and seek blessings.

housing available for people to live in

to dig a long, narrow hole in the ground

Construction workers trench the area to lay utility pipes underground.

to include something as part of a larger whole or system

The new design will incorporate feedback from various stakeholders to ensure satisfaction.

prior to a particular time or event

Please let us know in advance if you plan to attend the meeting.

a desired and impressive goal achieved through hard work

Graduating with honors was a significant accomplishment for Sarah after years of dedicated study.

a confusing network of paths separated by bushes or walls, designed in a way that confuses the people who pass through

She spent hours trying to find her way out of the maze at the amusement park.

any vehicle designed for travel across or through water

The cargo vessel sailed into the harbor, carrying goods from overseas.

a room where things are kept while they are not needed or used

The janitor keeps cleaning supplies in the storeroom.

to mark or engrave a surface with a design or pattern, typically to create a lasting impression or decoration

Next week, the jeweler will inscribe the couple's wedding rings with their initials and wedding date.

to be an image, sign, symbol, etc. of something

The national flag represents the unity of the country.

to dig a hole or make a channel in the ground

The workers excavated a trench to lay down the foundation for the building.

someone who held a position, office, or role before another person

The new CEO praised her predecessor for laying a strong foundation.

to get rid of waste material, particularly in an unorganized manner

Instead of recycling, some businesses opt to dump electronic waste in landfills.

a metal bar in an engine that enables movement and power to be transmitted from one part to another

an act done to prevent something unpleasant or bad from happening

As a precaution against theft, he installed security cameras around his home.

having many complex parts or details that make it difficult to understand or work with

The intricate design of the watch included tiny gears and delicate engravings.

to not notice or see something

In her haste, she might overlook the important details in the document.

to impress or surprise someone very much

The magician's incredible tricks astonished the audience.

to greatly surprise someone

Her artistic talent never failed to amaze her friends.

an archeologist who specializes in Egyptology

to contribute to the structure or makeup of something

Healthy fats and proteins constitute a balanced diet that supports overall well-being.

a marker or sign along a road that indicates a specific point or achievement, such as a significant distance traveled or a historical event

The milestone marked the halfway point of their cross-country journey.

someone or something serving as the very typical example of a thing or person

the environmental condition

a place where people live, stay, or work in

She booked her accommodation in advance to ensure she had a comfortable place to stay during her vacation.

to live in a place that is either rented or owned

The newlyweds decided to occupy a charming cottage by the lake for their first year of marriage.

to create a circular shape around someone or something

The children encircled the storyteller during storytime.

to be thankful for something

She regularly appreciates the support of her friends during challenging times.

the fact of owning or having something

The company's possession of the patents ensured their exclusive rights to the technology.

to point out the faults or weaknesses of someone or something

The teacher criticized the student's essay for its lack of organization and clarity.