Lesson 9B

information or evidence that proves the truth or existence of something

The DNA results acted as proof that the suspect was at the scene of the crime.

having the necessary skill, power, resources, etc. for doing something

She is able to speak five languages fluently.

(of people) not present in a place

Jane was absent from school yesterday due to a fever.

the state of not being at a place or with a person when it is expected of one

His absence from the meeting caused delays in making important decisions for the project.

to provide a place for someone to stay and sleep, usually in a house, hotel, or other lodging facility

The innkeeper arranged rooms to accommodate the visiting family.

a place where people live, stay, or work in

She booked her accommodation in advance to ensure she had a comfortable place to stay during her vacation.

any drink that can make people intoxicated, such as wine, beer, etc.

The legal drinking age for purchasing alcohol in many countries is 21.

a chronic condition characterized by excessive and habitual consumption of alcohol

His struggle with alcoholism affected his relationships and career, making it difficult to maintain a stable life.

a man who shares a mother and father with us

Emily's brother likes to play video games and watch sports on TV.

the kinship or familial bond among male siblings

Their close brotherhood lasted throughout childhood.

a young person who has not reached puberty or adulthood yet

As parents, we should prioritize the well-being and safety of our children at all times.

the period or time of being a child, characterized by significant physical and emotional growth

Sarah cherished the memories of her childhood spent playing in the backyard with her siblings.

having a great space or extent between two points

Their house is located in a distant village in the mountains.

the length of the space that is between two places or points

The distance between New York City and Los Angeles is over 2,700 miles.

to give work to someone and pay them

Are you planning to employ any interns this summer?

(of a person or their manner) kind and nice toward other people

Despite his fame, he is a friendly and approachable person.

the state of being kind and pleasant toward others

Her friendliness made everyone feel welcome at the party, and people immediately started chatting with one another.

to officially have the control and authority to rule over a country and manage its affairs

Elected leaders govern the nation, making decisions for the welfare of its citizens.

the group of politicians in control of a country or state

The government implemented new policies to improve the country's healthcare system and make it more accessible to all citizens.

lacking sophistication, worldly experience, or social refinement

Her ignorant comments about the topic revealed her lack of understanding and research.

the fact or state of not having the necessary information, knowledge, or understanding of something

His ignorance of the subject was evident when he gave incorrect answers during the discussion.

to make a person or thing better

Regular exercise can improve your overall health.

the action or process of making something better

The city has seen significant improvement in air quality over the past year.

to have something in mind as a plan or purpose

She intends to travel abroad next summer.

something that one is aiming, wanting, or planning to do

She made it clear that her intention was to finish the project ahead of the deadline.

a sense of sadness or melancholy arising from being alone or lacking companionship

After moving to a new city, Sarah experienced deep loneliness as she struggled to make friends.

to compete against someone to see who is the fastest

The children race each other to the tree.

harmful or unfair actions, words, or thoughts directed at people of different races, often based on the idea that one’s own race is more intelligent, moral, or worthy

She experienced racism at her new job.

to make something smaller in amount, degree, price, etc.

The company decided to reduce the prices of its products to attract more customers.

a decline in amount, degree, etc. of a particular thing

The company implemented cost-cutting measures that led to a reduction in expenses.

not pleasant to the mind or senses

Don't be so mean, calling someone ugly is not nice.

the state of being not attractive or not pleasing to the eye

The ugliness of the cracked pavement and abandoned cars gave the neighborhood a rundown appearance.

someone who intentionally damages or destroys public or private property

The police were searching for the vandal who spray-painted graffiti on the walls of the historic building.

the illegal act of purposefully damaging a property belonging to another person or organization

After the vandalism of the public library, the community came together to clean and restore the damaged areas.

feeling unhappy due to being alone or lacking companionship

She felt lonely after moving to a new city where she knew no one.

(of a person and their actions) using or involving physical force that is intended to damage or harm

He was arrested for his violent behavior during the protest, injuring several people.

a crime that is intentionally directed toward a person or thing to hurt, intimidate, or kill them

He was arrested for using violence against a stranger.

not strong or vigorous in body or movement

After several days without food, he felt too weak to stand.

lack of power or ability to act effectively

They discussed their weaknesses as part of the team-building exercise.

money that is lost by a company, organization, or individual

The business reported a significant loss for the quarter due to declining sales.

to be deprived of or stop having someone or something

She lost her hearing as a result of the loud explosion.

the fact or act of dying

Her grandfather's death had a big impact on her.

to no longer be alive

Unfortunately, her pet fish died after being in poor health for a week.

the fact of reaching what one tried for or desired

His hard work and determination finally led to the success he had been striving for.

to reach or achieve what one desired or tried for

Through persistent effort and dedication, she succeeded in securing a promotion at her job.

to have a type of belief or idea about a person or thing

He thinks that the restaurant serves the best pizza in town.

to have a type of belief or idea about a person or thing

He thinks that the restaurant serves the best pizza in town.

a strong feeling of certainty that something or someone exists or is true; a strong feeling that something or someone is right or good

His belief in justice and equality guided his actions throughout his career.

to accept something to be true even without proof

I believed her excuses for missing the meeting.

the method or system used to warm a building and keep it comfortable inside, such as central heating, radiators, etc.

Could you please turn on the heat it's freezing in here.

having a temperature that is high but not hot, especially in a way that is pleasant

She dipped her feet in the warm sand on the beach.

the quality or state of being physically or mentally strong

Her strength of character helped her overcome many challenges in life.

having a lot of physical power

He was able to lift the heavy box because he was so strong.

the distance from the top to the bottom of something or someone

He checked the height of the doorway to make sure the furniture would fit through.

having a relatively great vertical extent

The high mountain peaks were covered in snow.

the distance of something from side to side

The width of the river is about 50 meters.

having a large length from side to side

The river was wide, spanning several hundred meters across.

a paid job

After a long period of unemployment, he finally found steady employment.

to amuse someone so that they have an enjoyable time

The clown entertained the children at the birthday party with magic tricks and balloon animals.

movies, television shows, etc. or an activity that is made for people to enjoy

Music festivals provide entertainment for music lovers.

to make a person feel interested or happy, particularly about something that will happen soon

The news of the upcoming concert excited music fans all over the city.

a strong feeling of enthusiasm and happiness

Sarah's excitement was palpable as she eagerly awaited the arrival of her long-lost friend at the airport.