Conjunctions of Contrast

used for introducing a word, phrase, or idea that is different to what has already been said

She loves to play soccer, but her sister prefers basketball.

up until the current or given time

She has been studying for hours, and she isn't finished yet.

used to indicate that despite a certain fact or situation mentioned in the first clause, the second clause follows

Even though it was raining, they decided to go for a hike.

used to introduce a statement that makes the previous one less strong and somewhat surprising

It was a challenging hike, but rewarding, though.

used to introduce a contrast to what has just been said

Although it was raining, we still went to the park.

used to introduce a hypothetical or conditional situation that contrasts with reality, implying that regardless of whether a certain condition is fulfilled or not, the outcome or action mentioned will still occur

Even if it rains tomorrow, we will still have the picnic.

a span of time

She waited patiently for a while before the bus finally arrived.

used to introduce a statement that is true for one thing and false for another

James is outgoing and talkative, whereas his brother is reserved and quiet.

used to introduce a contrasting or qualifying statement

He decided to buy the car, albeit it was more expensive than he had hoped.

used to indicate a preference between two alternatives, often suggesting one option is chosen over the other

I prefer tea rather than coffee in the mornings.

used to show a contrast between two things or situations

Much as she wanted to join the expedition, she had prior commitments.

used when we want to ask at what time something happens

Can you let me know when the package arrives?

during the time that something else is happening

She read a book whilst waiting for the train.

much less

He would never walk again, let alone play golf.

used to introduce a clarification, exception, or contrast to a previous statement or idea

She enjoys traveling, not that she has much time for it.

to keep someone or something safe and away from harm, death, etc.

Lifeguards work tirelessly to save swimmers in distress.

with anyone or anything else excluded

She eats only apples.

used to introduce an exclusion

All the books are in the box except the one I'm reading.