Lesson 8

a disease caused by severe lack of vitamin C

a group of game birds such as quails, partridges or grouses, typically consisting of six to twelve birds

a building occupied by a group of nuns

a piece of writing, music, etc. that imitates the style of someone else in a humorous way

The comedian's parody of the popular song went viral, making people laugh with its clever and humorous lyrics.

the feeling or state of being unwilling or uncertain to do something

a location, such as a stand, shed, or field, where beekeepers maintain multiple beehives to harvest honey and other hive products

The local farmer converted a corner of his orchard into an apiary to boost pollination and harvest honey.

an office of archives for public or ecclesiastic records; a court of public records

expensive or showy clothes and accessories, especially those worn on special occasions

the quality of always acting or being the same way, or having the same opinions or standards

Successful athletes attribute their achievements to discipline and consistency in training.

a formal gesture of respect or greeting, performed by women or girls, involving a slight lowering of the body by bending the knees

She gave a graceful curtsy before entering the ballroom.

an area usually a farm or a hothouse where vines are grown

a harsh, jarring mixture of sounds

The city street erupted in a cacophony of horns, sirens, and shouting.

the dominance or control exercised by one group, entity, or state over others, especially in the realms of politics, culture, or ideology

The colonial powers established hegemony over various regions, exerting control over both political and economic aspects of local societies.

a state in which two or more things are equal

The company aims to achieve parity in salaries between male and female employees.

a factory in which a natural substance such as oil or sugar is made pure by removing all other substances from it

The oil refinery processes crude oil into gasoline and diesel.

not being under the influence of alcohol or drugs

After years of struggling with addiction, he finally achieved sobriety.

someone who is killed or wounded during a war or an accident

The recent earthquake resulted in a tragic casualty count of over 500 people, leaving families devastated across the region.

the skilled trade or craft of working with stone, bricks, or other masonry materials to construct buildings, walls, or other structures

a state of uncertainty about what decision to make in a challenging situation

She was in a quandary about whether to accept the risky job offer.