Lesson 13

a book containing the prayers, readings, and instructions for the celebration of Mass in the Roman Catholic Church

The priest consulted the missal to ensure he followed the correct order of prayers during the Mass.

a temporary, raised, reddened area on the skin, typically caused by an allergic reaction or insect bite

After being stung by a bee, Sarah's skin developed a weal accompanied by itching and redness.

food made from grain, eaten with milk particularly in the morning

She enjoys having a bowl of cereal with milk and fresh fruit for breakfast every morning.

a person who owes allegiance and service to a feudal lord in exchange for protection and land

In medieval Europe, a vassal pledged loyalty and military support to their feudal lord in exchange for land and protection.

a building, complex, or site used for producing, keeping, or repairing arms and ammunition

The naval arsenal was attacked during the war.

a large number of fish swimming together

As the fishermen approached, they noticed a massive shoal of shimmering sardines swirling beneath the surface of the water.

sing madrigals

the justification or reasoning behind a decision or argument

The teacher explained the rationale behind the new grading system to the students.

the act of hurting or damaging one's opponent or enemy in retaliation for the hurt or damage they inflicted upon one

The country launched a military reprisal after the enemy’s surprise invasion.

the spirit of a group that makes the members want the group to succeed

a condition of being in servitude, bondage, or subjugation, typically under the control of another person or entity

The captured warriors were forced into thrall, serving their conquerors as laborers or soldiers.

a difficult or painful experience, often one that lasts long and requires great effort and endurance to overcome

Climbing the mountain was an ordeal that tested their physical and mental limits.

someone who takes great pleasure in food and dining, often with a discerning palate and a penchant for indulgence

As a renowned gourmand, Sarah meticulously planned each meal, savoring every bite with delight.

someone who faithfully supports a person in power and is willing to do things for them that are illegal or violent

The crime lord's henchman carried out the orders without question, ensuring that his boss's interests were protected at any cost.

an elected member of a municipal council, responsible for representing and making decisions on behalf of a specific district or ward within a city

The alderman addressed the concerns of his constituents during the town hall meeting, advocating for improved infrastructure and community services.

an object believed to possess magical powers or bring good luck and protect its wearer from harm

The ancient amulet served as a talisman, believed to ward off evil spirits and bring fortune to its owner.

north temperate shrubs or trees having toothed leaves and conelike fruit; bark is used in tanning and dyeing and the wood is rot-resistant

the unit of electric current, symbolized as "A" in the International System of Units

The circuit was designed to handle a maximum current of 10 amperes to ensure safety.

a platform or frame on which a coffin or corpse is placed during a funeral or prior to burial or cremation

The pallbearers carefully lifted the coffin onto the bier, preparing for the funeral procession to begin.

a dead human body, typically used for medical or scientific purposes such as dissection or research

The anatomy students carefully dissected the cadaver as part of their medical training, studying the intricate structures of the human body.