stra
tum
复数形式
stratum
1
层, 地层
(geology) a distinct layer of rock or sediment
2
层, 阶层
a distinct layer or level within a system, often conceived as having depth or hierarchy
- In the social stratum of the society, the upper class held considerable wealth and power.
在社会的社会阶层中，上层阶级拥有相当的财富和权力。
- Within the corporate hierarchy, executives occupy the upper stratum, overseeing the company's operations.
在企业层级中，高管占据上层阶层，监督公司的运营。
- The cultural stratum of a civilization includes its art, literature, and traditions, reflecting its values and beliefs.
一个文明的文化层包括其艺术、文学和传统，反映了其价值观和信仰。
- The political stratum comprises different levels of power and influence, from local governance to international diplomacy.
政治阶层包括从地方治理到国际外交的不同权力和影响力层次。
- Within the realm of academia, there exists a stratum of intellectual discourse, where scholars engage in rigorous debate and research.
在学术领域内，存在一个知识分子讨论的层次，学者们在那里进行严格的辩论和研究。
3
层, 阶层
a subpopulation divided into a stratified sampling
4
阶层, 层
a group of people with similar social standing, education, or income
- The study focused on the middle-income stratum of society.
该研究聚焦于社会的中等收入 stratum 阶层。
- She belonged to a stratum with a high level of education.
她属于一个教育水平很高的阶层。
- The upper stratum of the city is known for its luxury homes.
城市的上阶层以其豪华住宅而闻名。
- The program aimed to uplift the lower economic stratum.
该计划旨在提升较低的经济阶层。
- The political party gained support from the working-class stratum.
该政党获得了工人阶级阶层的支持。
5
层次, 层面
a distinct layer or level within a language system, such as different dialects, sociolects, or registers, that are associated with specific social groups, regions, or levels of formality
In linguistics, a stratum refers to a layer or level within a language that represents a specific historical, social, or linguistic influence. Strata can arise from various sources, such as contact with other languages, social class variations, or regional dialects. Each stratum contributes different vocabulary, grammar, or pronunciation features to the overall language, reflecting its evolution and development over time. For example, a language may have layers from indigenous roots, colonial influences, and more recent borrowings, illustrating how different historical and social contexts shape its structure and use. Understanding strata helps linguists analyze language change and diversity.