subs
trate
复数形式
substrates
1
底物, 基础材料
the substance that is acted upon by an enzyme or ferment
2
底层语言, 基底语言
an indigenous language that contributes features to the language of an invading people who impose their language on the indigenous population
同义词：
3
4
基质, 基底
the underlying surface or material where an organism attaches, grows, or feeds
- The lichen adhered firmly to the rocky substrate, surviving in harsh conditions.
地衣牢牢地附着在岩石基质上，在恶劣的条件下生存。
- Earthworms burrow through the soil substrate, aiding in its aeration and nutrient mixing.
蚯蚓在土壤基质中钻洞，有助于其通气和养分混合。
- Aquarium plants need a sandy substrate to root and obtain nutrients effectively.
水族箱植物需要沙质基质来扎根并有效获取养分。
- The biofilm developed on the substrate of the water pipe, consisting of various microorganisms.
生物膜在水管的基底上发展，由各种微生物组成。
- Researchers chose a gel-like substrate in the Petri dish to culture and observe bacterial growth.
研究人员在培养皿中选择了一种凝胶状的基质来培养和观察细菌的生长。