Language & Literary Devices

方言, 土话

A dialect is a variety of a language spoken by a particular group of people, characterized by unique vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation.

方言是一种由特定人群所说的语言变体，以独特的词汇、语法和发音为特征。

句法, 语法结构

In linguistics, syntax refers to the rules that govern the structure of sentences, determining how words are arranged to convey meaning.

在语言学中，句法指的是支配句子结构的规则，决定了单词如何排列以传达意义。

变格, 名词变格

In Latin, nouns and adjectives undergo various changes in form called declensions based on their role in a sentence."

在拉丁语中，名词和形容词根据其在句子中的作用经历称为变格的各种形式变化。

语调, 变调

变位

In Spanish class, we learned how to conjugate regular verbs in the present tense.

在西班牙语课上，我们学习了如何在现在时态中变位规则动词。

逆温, 逆温层

宾格, 宾格的

In "She saw him," "him" is in the accusative case.

在"她看见了他"中，"他"处于宾格。

呼格, 称呼格

"O captain, my captain" is an example of the vocative in English poetry.

"哦，船长，我的船长"是英语诗歌中呼格的一个例子。

属格, 所有格

虚拟语气

Understanding the subjunctive is crucial for forming complex sentences in French.

理解虚拟语气对于构成法语中的复杂句子至关重要。

夺格, 离格

The teacher explained that "in the city" would be in the ablative to indicate location.

老师解释说“在城市里”会用夺格来表示位置。

方位格, 位置格

Russian uses the locative after certain prepositions to show location.

俄语在某些介词后使用方位格来表示位置。

表语的, 属性的

"She is happy" is an example of a predicative construction.

“她很高兴”是一个表语结构的例子。

主格, 主格形式

The nominative in Russian marks the subject of a sentence or clause.

俄语中的主格标志着句子或从句的主语。

定语的, 修饰性的

In "the green apple," "green" is an attributive modifying "apple."

在“绿色的苹果”中，“绿色”是一个修饰“苹果”的定语。

陈述语气

The indicative in English is used for straightforward statements and questions.

英语中的陈述语气用于直接的陈述和疑问。

疑问词, 疑问句

中性, 中性词

Understanding noun genders, including neuter, is important in language learning.

理解名词的性别，包括中性，在语言学习中很重要。

粘贴, 固定

She affixes a stamp to each envelope before mailing the letters.

她在寄信前贴邮票到每个信封上。

头韵

The poet employed alliteration to create a melodic effect in the verse.

诗人运用头韵在诗句中创造出旋律效果。

讽刺

His irony was so sharp that some people didn’t realize he was mocking them.

他的讽刺如此尖锐，以至于有些人没有意识到他在嘲笑他们。

暗示, 提及

Her comment about "meeting her Waterloo" was an allusion to Napoleon's final defeat, implying she faced an insurmountable challenge.

她关于“遭遇她的滑铁卢”的评论是对拿破仑最终失败的影射，暗示她面临了一个无法克服的挑战。

讽刺, 讥讽

Satire in literature often challenges societal norms and conventions.

文学中的讽刺常常挑战社会规范和习俗。

委婉语, 婉转的表达

"Between jobs" is a euphemism for being unemployed.

"工作之间"是失业的一种委婉说法。

类比

Emma employed the analogy of a river flowing downstream to illustrate the passage of time and the inevitability of change.

艾玛用河流向下流动的类比来说明时间的流逝和变化的必然性。

连贯的, 合乎逻辑的

The plot of the novel was coherent, with all the events and characters contributing to a unified storyline.

小说的情节连贯，所有的事件和人物都为一个统一的故事线服务。

词源学

Linguists trace the etymology of "vocabulary" back to Latin "vocabulum," meaning word.

语言学家将“词汇”的词源追溯到拉丁语“vocabulum”，意思是单词。

口齿不清的, 不善表达的

The interviewee appeared nervous and inarticulate, stumbling over his responses.

受访者显得紧张且表达不清，在回答中结结巴巴。

同义反复, 冗余

"ATM machine" is a classic example of a tautology, as the "M" already stands for "machine."

"ATM machine"是同义反复的经典例子，因为"M"已经代表"machine"（机器）。

务实的, 实际的

In the face of budget constraints, the manager took a pragmatic approach, prioritizing cost-effective solutions.

面对预算限制，经理采取了务实的方法，优先考虑具有成本效益的解决方案。

语音学

Phonetics is the branch of linguistics that studies the sounds of human speech, including their production, transmission, and reception.

语音学是语言学的一个分支，研究人类语音的声音，包括它们的产生、传播和接收。

音位, 音素

In linguistics, a phoneme is the smallest distinctive sound unit in a language that can change the meaning of a word.

在语言学中，音素是一种语言中可以改变单词意义的最小区别性声音单位。

语素, 最小的意义单位

In linguistics, a morpheme is the smallest unit of meaning or grammatical function in a language.

在语言学中，语素是语言中意义或语法功能的最小单位。

词位, 基本语言单位

A lexeme is the smallest unit of meaning in a language, encompassing both a word and all its inflected forms.

词位是语言中最小的意义单位，包括一个词及其所有屈折形式。

音位变体，音位的变体发音，可能由于语言内特定语境或环境中的语音差异而产生, 音位变体，出现在特定语音环境中的音位变体形式

In phonetics, an allophone is a variant form of a phoneme, which occurs in specific phonetic environments.

在语音学中，音位变体是音素的变体形式，出现在特定的语音环境中。

省略, 省略号

The author used an ellipsis to suggest a pause or unfinished thought in the dialogue.

作者使用省略号来暗示对话中的停顿或未完成的想法。

同形异义词, 同音异义词

It's essential to consider context when deciphering the meaning of a homonym in a sentence.

在解读句子中同音异义词的含义时，考虑上下文至关重要。

同音异义词, 同音词

The homophones "piece" and "peace" are frequently confused by new English learners.

同音异义词 "piece" 和 "peace" 经常被新学英语的人混淆。

双元音, 复合元音

In English, the diphthong "oi" is heard in words like "coin" and "join."

在英语中，"oi"这个双元音在"coin"和"join"等词中被听到。

拟声词, 模仿它所代表的声音的词

"Buzz," "hiss," and "moo" are examples of onomatopoeia used to mimic natural sounds.

"Buzz"、"hiss"和"moo"是用来模仿自然声音的拟声词的例子。