Social Sciences

the action of separating or isolating things from others

The segregation of waste helps with recycling efficiency.

the practice of treating a person or different categories of people less fairly than others

The company faced a lawsuit for discrimination against female employees.

the state of belonging to a certain ethnic group

The census form asked respondents to indicate their ethnicity.

a small group of people who differ in race, religion, etc. and are often mistreated by the society

The festival celebrated the traditions of local minority populations.

the action of striving to bring about social or political reform, especially as a member of an organization with specific objectives

Her activism for environmental conservation has inspired many young people to join the cause.

an administrative unit or organization within a government or larger institution

The Environmental Protection Agency enforces regulations on pollution.

a large group of people who are related to each other

The entire clan gathered for the annual family reunion, filling the park with laughter and shared memories.

a form of sociopolitical organization in which a centralized authority governs a community or a collection of communities

In a chiefdom, the chief often inherits their position and wields considerable influence over the tribe's decision-making processes.

involving, done, or shared by all members of a group

The collective efforts of the volunteers resulted in a successful charity event.

the statistical characteristics of a population, such as age, gender, and ethnicity

The new marketing strategy aims to target a younger demographic.

the process of people moving from rural areas to urban areas, resulting in the growth of cities and the expansion of urban areas

Rapid urbanization has changed many small towns.

a society that has developed its own culture and institutions in a particular period of time or place

Ancient Egypt is considered one of the greatest civilizations in history.

the group of people in the government who are chosen for their jobs rather than elected to handle administrative tasks

The bureaucracy manages public services like issuing permits and licenses.

the process through which individuals within a society or group learn and internalize behavior patterns, norms, values, and customs through interactions, education, and social experiences

Early childhood socialization plays a crucial role in shaping a person's personality and social skills.

any of the basic freedoms or rights that protect individuals from unfair treatment and ensure equality under the law, regardless of race, gender, religion, disability, or other characteristics

Protecting civil rights ensures that every citizen has the opportunity to participate fully in society and enjoy equal access to employment, housing, and public services.

the situation or condition that is currently at hand

The committee decided to maintain the status quo rather than implementing new changes.

the process of developing and expanding industries within a region or country, involving the increased production of goods through the use of advanced machinery, technology, and organized labor

The Industrial Revolution marked a period of profound industrialization, introducing mechanized production methods.

people in the highest class of society who have a lot of power and wealth and usually high ranks and titles

The event was attended by members of the aristocracy in elegant attire.

kings and queens and any member of their families

She admired the intricate crowns and jewelry worn by the royalty in historical portraits.

a large, important city that serves as a significant economic, political, or cultural center for a region or country

the physical and organizational assets, such as roads, bridges, utilities, and public services, that support economic activity and daily life

The government invested billions in rebuilding the nation's aging infrastructure.

the quality of being acceptable by the law

the understanding that others have thoughts, feelings, and perspectives that are different from one's own

Researchers use various tasks, such as the "Sally-Anne test," to assess theory of mind in both children and adults.

the deliberate and nonviolent refusal to obey certain laws, demands, or commands of a government or authority, typically as a form of protest

Mahatma Gandhi employed civil disobedience as a strategy to challenge British colonial rule in India.

failure to conform to accepted standards of behavior

a person who has been rejected or excluded from a social group or society, often due to their behavior, beliefs, or social status

After the scandal, she felt like an outcast among her former friends.

a person who is forced to leave their own country because of war, natural disaster, etc.

The refugee camp provided shelter and basic necessities to displaced families.

a local administrative unit in certain countries, functioning as the smallest division of government

The mayor of the commune held a town hall meeting to discuss the new public transportation plans.

the outer areas or parts of a city or town

Many families choose to live on the outskirts of the city to enjoy a quieter lifestyle while still having access to urban amenities.

a draining and stressful lifestyle that consists of constantly competing with others for success, wealth, power, etc. and so leaving no room for rest and pleasure

By the time he retired, he had been in the rat race for over three decades and was ready for a slower pace of life.

an area with a church of its own that is under the care of a priest

The parish is known for its strong sense of community and active involvement in local charities.

a system that divides the people of a society into different social classes based on their wealth, privilage, or profession

The caste system in India historically divided society into hierarchical groups based on birth, occupation, and social status.

a diffraction grating consisting of a pile of plates of equal thickness arranged stepwise with a constant offset

a place or building where we can get on or off a train or bus

I arrived early at the station to make sure I didn't miss my train.

marked by discrimination against or prejudice toward individuals or groups based on their social class

The company's hiring practices were criticized as classist because they favored candidates from elite universities.

behaving in a way that shows the lack of pride or sense of superiority over others

He's a humble person, never boasting about his achievements and always treating others with kindness.

referring to factors or conditions that involve both social and economic aspects

The study examined the socioeconomic disparities in access to healthcare.

relating to a social system where men hold primary power and authority over women and families

The patriarchal society limited opportunities for women to participate in decision-making.

(of animals and plants) found and developed only in a particular place and not been brought from elsewhere

The indigenous flora and fauna of Hawaii are unlike those found anywhere else in the world.

showing concern for the well-being of people and acting to improve human welfare

She is known for her humanitarian work in disaster zones.

including a wide range of people with different nationalities and cultures

The city’s cosmopolitan atmosphere made it a melting pot of diverse cultures.

referring to a vision of an ideal society, where everything is flawless or nearly perfect

In his novel, Thomas More envisioned a utopian society based on principles of equality and common property.

supporting and encouraging positive change and advancement

She is known for her progressive views, always advocating for positive change and innovation.

displaying violent acts for the sake of a social or political aim

She was known for her militant stance on animal rights, often participating in protests and direct actions.

characteristic of or relating to a residential area outside a city or town

The suburban neighborhood was known for its quiet streets and spacious homes.

to treat a person, group, or concept as insignificant or of secondary or minor importance

Historically, indigenous communities have been marginalized and deprived of their land rights.

a periodic count of the population

to fully comprehend and integrate information or ideas

Students took time to assimilate the historical events discussed in class, connecting them to broader societal contexts.

to help someone to restore to a healthy and independent state after a period of imprisonment, addiction, illness, etc.

The program aimed to rehabilitate individuals with substance abuse issues, providing support for a drug-free life.