Geology

地壳, 地球的地壳

The study of the Earth's crust, known as geology, provides insights into the planet's history, evolution, and the processes shaping its surface.

对地球地壳的研究，即地质学，提供了对地球历史、演化以及塑造其表面过程的深入了解。

沉积物, 沉淀物

After the river flooded, a layer of sediment covered the riverbed.

河水泛滥后，一层沉积物覆盖了河床。

侵蚀, 腐蚀

The Grand Canyon was formed over millions of years through the erosion of the Colorado River cutting through the rock layers.

大峡谷是由科罗拉多河侵蚀岩石层经过数百万年形成的。

层, 地层

矿物学, 矿物研究

Mineralogy examines the unique properties of minerals, including their color, hardness, and crystal structure.

矿物学研究矿物的独特性质，包括它们的颜色、硬度和晶体结构。

岩石学, 岩石研究

Petrology investigates the diverse types of rocks found in the Earth's crust and their characteristics.

岩石学研究地壳中发现的多种岩石及其特征。

地貌学, 对地形形成、发展和分类的科学研究

Geomorphology investigates the creation and evolution of landforms, including mountains, valleys, and plains.

地貌学研究地形的形成和演变，包括山脉、山谷和平原。

钟乳石, 悬挂的矿物形成

Caves often feature beautiful stalactites formed over time by mineral-rich water dripping from the ceiling.

洞穴中常有美丽的钟乳石，它们是由富含矿物质的水从洞顶滴落，经过长时间形成的。

石笋, 从洞穴地面向上生长的矿物形成物

Caves exhibit stalagmites, which grow upward from the cave floor due to mineral-rich water dripping from above.

洞穴展示石笋，由于富含矿物质的水从上方滴落，它们从洞穴地面向上生长。

移涌, 神圣力量

盘古大陆, 泛大陆

Pangaea was a vast supercontinent that formed about 335 million years ago.

盘古大陆是一个大约在3.35亿年前形成的广阔超大陆。

冈瓦纳大陆, 冈瓦纳超大陆

Gondwanaland was a massive landmass that played a significant role in Earth's geological history.

冈瓦纳大陆是一个在地球地质历史中扮演重要角色的巨大陆地。

劳亚大陆是一个假想的古代超大陆，存在于前寒武纪晚期到侏罗纪时期，包括现今的北美洲、欧洲、亚洲和部分南极洲的陆地，之后开始分裂。, 劳亚大陆是地球地质历史上的一个重要陆地，包括了北美洲、欧洲和亚洲的部分地区。

Laurasia was a significant landmass in Earth's geological past, encompassing parts of North America, Europe, and Asia.

劳亚大陆是地球地质历史上一块重要的大陆，包括了北美洲、欧洲和亚洲的部分地区。

水圈, 水界

The hydrosphere covers about 71% of Earth's surface, primarily composed of oceans and seas.

水圈覆盖了地球表面约71%，主要由海洋和海水组成。

叠加, 重叠

The artist created a striking image through the superposition of different colored layers of paint.

艺术家通过不同颜色油漆层的叠加创造了一幅引人注目的图像。

露头, 岩石露头

Hiking along the trail, we encountered an impressive outcrop of sedimentary rock, revealing layers formed over millions of years.

沿着小径徒步旅行时，我们遇到了一个令人印象深刻的沉积岩露头，揭示了数百万年来形成的层次。

基石, 基础

斗篷, 披风